From PMOS to the menopause transition, understanding the hormonal and metabolic connections that shape women's health. By Angela D. Mazza, DO, ABAARM, FAAMFM, ECNU Does polyendocrinre metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS) [formerly known as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)] disappear at menopause—or does it simply change how it shows up? For decades, PC OS has been viewed largely through the lens of reproductive health. Irregular menstrual cycles, elevated androgen levels, acne,

By Angela D. Mazza, DO, ABAARM, FAAMFM, ECNU Can your smartwatch really tell you how healthy you are? From smartwatches and fitness trackers to continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) and sleep-tracking rings, wearable technology has transformed the way we monitor our health. We can track our heart rate, count our steps, estimate sleep quality, monitor glucose fluctuations, and receive daily assessments of our recovery and readiness. But here's an important question: Does having m

Newly published research commentary by Dr. Angela Mazza highlights the challenges of making minimally invasive thyroid nodule treatment more accessible. For patients with thyroid nodules, treatment options have expanded significantly in recent years. One of the most promising developments is thyroid radiofrequency ablation (RFA), a minimally invasive procedure that can reduce the size of appropriately selected benign thyroid nodules without requiring surgical removal of the t

By Angela D. Mazza, DO, ABAARM, FAAMFM, ECNUMeabolic Center for Wellness September is Thyroid Cancer Awareness Month, an important opportunity to increase awareness about thyroid cancer while also putting the diagnosis into perspective. Hearing the words thyroid nodule can understandably cause concern. But one of the most important things I tell patients is this: A thyroid nodule does not mean thyroid cancer. Thyroid nodules are extremely common, particularly as we get older,

Iron is essential for thyroid function, energy production, and overall health—but when it comes to iron, balance matters. Fatigue. Hair loss. Brain fog. Feeling cold. Exercise intolerance. These symptoms are commonly associated with thyroid dysfunction, but they can also occur with iron deficiency—and sometimes the two conditions overlap. That is one reason iron deserves a closer look in anyone experiencing persistent thyroid-related symptoms. But there is another side to the

A New Episode of Thyroid Talk with Dr. Angela Mazza Birth control pills are among the most commonly prescribed medications for women—but can they affect your thyroid? In our latest episode of Thyroid Talk with Dr. Angela Mazza, we take a closer look at the relationship between oral contraceptives, thyroid hormones, and thyroid blood tests—and why this connection may be especially important if you already have a thyroid condition. How Can Birth Control Pills Affect Thyroid Hor

Every July, we recognize Graves' Disease Awareness Month—an opportunity to increase understanding of a condition that affects millions of people worldwide yet is often misunderstood or misdiagnosed. As an endocrinologist, I frequently meet patients who have spent months—or even years—searching for answers before receiving the correct diagnosis. Many have been told their symptoms were due to anxiety, stress, or simply "getting older." While stress can certainly influence how w

Therapeutic peptides have become one of the most talked-about topics in regenerative and precision medicine. From metabolic health and weight management to immune regulation and tissue repair, peptides are attracting growing interest from both patients and healthcare professionals. But what exactly are peptides, and do they have a role in thyroid health? In the latest episode of Thyroid Talk, I sit down with my co-host, Dawn Sheffield, to explore the science behind therapeuti

When patients experience chronic illness, inflammation, significant stress, injury, surgery, or prolonged caloric restriction, thyroid laboratory values can change in ways that resemble hypothyroidism—even when the thyroid gland itself is functioning normally. This phenomenon is known as Non-Thyroidal Illness Syndrome (NTIS), sometimes referred to as "euthyroid sick syndrome." Traditionally, NTIS has been viewed as a temporary adaptation to illness characterized by: Low free